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3.
Rev. adm. sanit. siglo XXI ; 5(1): 35-60, ene. 2007.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-052450

RESUMO

Los servicios regionales de salud son el instrumento creado por las Comunidades Autónomas (CCAA) para llevar a cabo la gestión de las responsabilidades sanitarias que les han sido traspasadas en el proceso de descentralización que ha tenido lugar en España. En el artículo se analizan las formas estructurales que han adoptado esos servicios, así como las decisiones que han adoptado para llevar a cabo diferentes políticas, desde la construcción de nuevos centros sanitarios, al abordaje de las listas de espera, la introducción de "nuevas formas de gestión", la gestión del personal, las compras de material y productos sanitarios o la modificación del catálogo de prestaciones. Con arreglo al análisis realizado, las políticas llevadas a cabo por los servicios regionales de salud han adoptado patrones esencialmente homogéneos orientados antes a reforzar sus facultades discrecionales de decisión, y a través de ellas a reforzar su poder institucional, que a establecer condiciones diferenciadas de gestión, justificadas por condiciones sanitarias o preferencias políticas distintas en cada territorio. En esas condiciones el mantenimiento de la protección sanitaria universal en España requeriría de una intervención externa y "superior" a esos servicios, capaz de garantizar su colaboración a ese objetivo común. La semejanza de los planteamientos políticos de los diferentes partidos con posibilidades de gobierno, tanto en el ámbito central como en el autonómico, hacen difícil prever de dónde podría partir una iniciativa de ese carácter, cuya orientación principal se dirigiese a lograr el funcionamiento coordinado de los servicios de salud


The Spanish Autonomous Communities have managed the health care responsibilities that were transferred to them after the Spanish decentralization process through regional health services. In this paper, we analyze the structures and policies adopted by these regional health services on issues concerning management, personnel, construction, purchases, waiting lists or rationing. According to our analysis, the policies carried out by the regional health services have mainly focused on enhancing their own decision making power, and thus their institutional power, than to adapting policies to the diverse regional circumstances or political preferences. Under these conditions, we conclude that there exists a need from external coordination apart from the regional health services, that is capable of assuring their collaboration to this common objective to maintain universal protection and access to health care services. Given the similarity of their views on health care policies of the different Spanish political parties with real possibilities of obtaining either regional or central power, it is difficult to foresee where such an initiative could come from, whose primary orientation would be directed towards achieving coordinated functioning of the health care services


Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde/normas , Serviços de Saúde , 35155 , Administração Farmacêutica/métodos , 50207 , Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Serviços de Saúde/economia , Serviços de Saúde/provisão & distribuição , Defesa do Consumidor/normas , Defesa do Consumidor/tendências , Política , Química Farmacêutica , Legislação Farmacêutica
4.
Rev Derecho Genoma Hum ; (24): 185-210, 2006.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17124976

RESUMO

The General Assembly of the United Nations submitted a Declaration on Human Cloning in March 2005. The text of such Declaration was the result of a difficult and long process, taking more than three years. Being a Declaration instead of a Resolution, it has not legal capability in inforcing United Nations members to act according to its recommendations. This article begins with an explanation of several terms referred to cloning. Different countries' legislation on cloning is analyzed. Positions of the same countries at the Convention of the United Nations are as well analyzed. Comparing both countries' views shows that national legislation on cloning is independent and orientated by some countries' particular interests and biological and ethical views on these issues. Future developments on human cloning and its applications will be shared among all countries, both the ones currently allowing and supporting "therapeutic" cloning and the ones now banning it. In such case, it would be important to reach agreements on these issues at an international level. The article discusses possible legislative developments and offers some proposals to reach such agreements.


Assuntos
Clonagem de Organismos/ética , Clonagem de Organismos/legislação & jurisprudência , Internacionalidade , Clonagem de Organismos/tendências , Consenso , Previsões , Humanos , Nações Unidas
6.
Rev. derecho genoma hum ; (24): 185-210, ene.-jun. 2006.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-71533

RESUMO

La clonación de seres humanos fue objeto de una Declaración por parte de la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas en Marzo de 2005. El texto, aprobado tras una trabajosa elaboración a lo largo de más de tres años, carece de carácter coercitivo alguno para ninguno de los países que forman parte de la Organización. En el artículo, tras hacer algunas precisiones terminológicas, se analizan las posiciones de diferentes países en relación con la clonación de seres humanos, tanto en su legislación propia como en el apoyo a la redacción (y a la extensión del ámbito de comprensión) de la Convención de Naciones Unidas sobre esta materia. En el trabajo, las observaciones sobre la situación actual se siguen de algunas previsiones y propuestas sobre el camino a seguir para conseguir un desarrollo controlado de estas técnicas, de manera que se combine el progreso científico con el respecto a unos principios éticos comunes que deberían guiar su aplicación


The General Assembly of the United Nations submitted a Declaration on Human Cloning in March 2005. The text of such Declaration was the result of a difficult and long process, taking more than three years. Being a Declaration instead of a Resolution, it has not legal capability in inforcing United Nations members to act according to its recommendations. This article begins with an explanation of several terms referred to cloning. Different countries´ legislation on cloning is analyzed. Comparing both countries´ views shows that national legislation on cloning is independent and orientated by some counties´ particular interests and biological and ethical views on these issues. Future developments on human cloning and its applications will be shared among all countries, both the ones currently allowing and supporting “therapeutic” cloning and the ones now banning it. In such case, it would be important to reach agreements on these issues at an international level. The article discusses possible legislative developments and offers some proposals to reach such agreements


Assuntos
Humanos , Clonagem de Organismos/ética , Clonagem de Organismos/legislação & jurisprudência , Direito Internacional , Legislação Médica , Temas Bioéticos , Atos Internacionais , Nações Unidas
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